Process of Teaching Learning-Teaching and learning methods, 2023

The process of Teaching learning is a very complex process, where teaching is secondary, and learning is the primary objective. It is a tripolar process and three factors affect it. Learner, Teacher, and the Environment.

What is Teaching in Process of Teaching Learning

Teaching is a process by which a teacher attempts to bring the desired change in the behavior of the students. This brings about a change in the behavior and action of the students.

Teaching Skills in the Process of Teaching Learning

The teacher is the second most factor in the teaching-learning process, Teachers have long-lasting impacts on the lives of their students and the greatest teachers inspire students toward greatness. Some of the important teaching skills are-

Introduction, Stimulus variation, Lecturing, Reinforcement, Probing questions, Attending behavior, Silence and non-verbal cubes, Asking questions, Divergent questions, Illustration, High order questions, Planned repetition, and Completeness of communication.

Teaching Learning Process-

It is a process of interaction between teacher and learner in a certain environment to study a given concept, the reason behind it to develop their cognitive skills, and bring changes in the behavior of students which is called learning.

Principles of the teaching-learning process-

Definite Purpose- The teaching-learning process must have a certain purpose. In other words, the process must be followed by certain goals or aims. These aims can be of two types. General aims and specific aims.

Correlation- The principle of correlation forces the teaching with the help of correlation methods. The principles follow the rule of inductive to deductive teaching. The method not only makes teaching effective but also makes it permanent for the students.

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Motivation- It plays the most important factor in the development of a learner. It can be internal or external. Internal motivation is the result of a student’s internal reward, but external motivation is related to the behavior of the teacher toward students. Motivation helps both the teacher and the students to teach and learn.

Reinforcement- Reinforcement is the process of reinforcing the students to solve various problems. The process is based on behavioral psychology.

Stimulation- Stimulation is the state of arousal within the individual when an individual is stimulated to become more effective, and active in the process of learning.

Revision and practice- Revision makes the learner and teacher both perfect. The teacher must provide exercises for practice to enable the students to revise their lesson and learning.

Methods of Teaching Learning-

Now let’s study some of the very effective methods of teaching-learning.

Mental Method- Inductive, Deductive, Analytics, Synthesis method.

Telling Method- Lecture method, Discussion method, Storytelling.

Project Method- Problem-solving method, Textbook method.

Visual method- Demonstration, Supervised method,

Lesson Plan- A lesson plan is a process of planning a lesson to represent in a systematic way before the students so that the teacher may not be strayed and use all the teaching-learning methods in time.

The lesson plan consists of three steps- Introduction, Presentation, and Closure.

It also contains the following components or objectives- Learning objectives, Subject matter, Learning activities, Evaluation, and Assignment.

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Teaching and strategies in the Process of Teaching Learning

Different types of teaching strategies are mentioned here.

1. Autocratic Teaching strategy- Teacher-centric strategies.

Storytelling method- It increases the interest of the learner. Each and every child love to listen to stories. It is an effective teaching strategy to teach social studies.

Lecture Method- This method is good to introduce a lesson and increase the concentration of the students. Cognitive and affective domains can be developed with the help of this method and more content can be presented.

Demonstration method- The demonstration method provides learners to learn about a complex topic or subject through experimentation. The lower and middle levels of objective cognitive and psychomotor domains can be easily achieved through this method.

Tutorial method- It is a type of remedial teaching method. During this method, the students are divided into different groups according to their abilities and levels. Students get the chance to express his/her problem openly and individually. The method is mostly used in natural science and mathematics.

2. Democratic Teaching Strategy- Child-centric strategies.

Discussion method- It is an oral conversation method. Thinking and communicating power in students can be developed. It also develops thinking and communicating power. Discussion helps in the development of creative potential in students.

Heuristic Method- Students learn themselves as teachers raise problematic situations before the students and also guide them. It helps in gaining knowledge through self-study, self-learning, and learning through investigation and research. It develops a scientific attitude in the learners and motivates them to accept new challenges.

Role-playing method- Students are given a chance to play roles. The teacher will give feedback.

Discovery method- The students are encouraged to clarify the facts and concepts which are explained in an objective manner.

Project Method- Students are encouraged to make projects. To find solutions to a certain problem based on their experience. Students learn from real life.

Brain Storming Method- A problem is given to the students and they are asked to put forward their views. A conclusion is drawn after evaluating their jumbled ideas. Cognitive and affective objectives can be achieved. The imagination power of the learner can be increased.

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